Khaws cov PCB txuas cov ntsiab lus hauv siab

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1. Kev xyaum dav dav

Hauv kev tsim PCB, txhawm rau ua kom lub rooj tsav xwm loj ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tsim tsim nyog, zoo dua los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov hauv qab no:

(1) Tsim nyog xaiv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg Thaum routing high-frequency Circuit Court boards nyob rau hauv PCB tsim, lub sab hauv lub dav hlau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog siv raws li lub hwj chim thiab av txheej, uas muaj peev xwm ua si ib tug shielding luag hauj lwm, zoo txo cov parasitic inductance, shorten lub sij hawm. cov kab teeb liab, thiab txo cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb liab.

(2) Routing hom Routing hom yuav tsum ua raws li 45 ° Lub kaum sab xis tig los yog arc tig, uas tuaj yeem txo cov teeb liab ntau zaus emission thiab kev sib txuas.

(3) Cable ntev Qhov luv ntawm cable ntev, qhov zoo dua.Qhov luv luv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm ob lub xov hlau, qhov zoo dua.

(4) Tus naj npawb ntawm los ntawm qhov Qhov tsawg dua tus lej ntawm qhov, qhov zoo dua.

(5) Interlayer thaiv kev taw qhia Cov kev taw qhia ntawm interlayer thaiv yuav tsum ntsug, uas yog, txheej saum toj kawg nkaus yog kab rov tav, txheej hauv qab yog ntsug, thiaj li txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb liab.

(6) Copper coating nce grounding tooj liab txheej tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb liab.

(7) Kev suav nrog cov teeb liab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb liab, ntawm chav kawm, kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua, kom nws tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov teeb liab.

(8) Cov teeb liab cables tsis xa cov teeb liab hauv cov voj voog.Txoj kev teeb liab hauv Daisy saw hom.

2. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaim

Cov teeb liab tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kab tseem ceeb: analog me me teeb liab, teeb liab siab ceev, moos teeb liab thiab synchronization teeb liab thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb teeb liab tseem ceeb thaiv

Qhov ceev thawj lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: Pib xaim los ntawm cov kev sib txuas uas nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.Pib xaim hluav taws xob los ntawm thaj chaw uas muaj xov tooj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

A. Sim muab cov txheej thaiv tshwj xeeb rau cov cim tseem ceeb xws li lub moos teeb liab, cov teeb liab siab zaus thiab cov teeb liab rhiab heev, thiab xyuas kom meej qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub voj voog.Yog tias tsim nyog, kev tuav tswj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hlua hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv thiab nce kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau txais.Xyuas kom lub teeb liab zoo.

b.EMC ib puag ncig nruab nrab ntawm lub hwj chim txheej thiab hauv av tsis zoo, yog li cov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau kev cuam tshuam yuav tsum raug zam.

c.Lub network nrog impedance tswj yuav tsum tau xaim kom deb li deb tau raws li txoj kab ntev thiab kab dav.

3, xov tooj cua

Cov kab moos yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cuam tshuam rau EMC.Ua kom tsawg lub qhov nyob hauv kab moos, tsis txhob taug kev nrog lwm cov kab teeb liab kom deb li deb tau, thiab nyob deb ntawm cov kab teeb liab dav dav kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog cov kab teeb liab.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yuav tsum raug zam kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam ntawm lub hwj chim mov thiab lub moos.

Yog tias muaj lub moos tshwj xeeb nti ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, nws tsis tuaj yeem mus rau hauv kab, yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab tooj liab, yog tias tsim nyog, kuj tuaj yeem tshwj xeeb rau nws thaj av.Rau ntau nti siv lead ua oscillator, cov siv lead ua oscillator yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob rau hauv kab, kom nteg tooj liab cais.

4. Kab ntawm txoj cai kaum

Txoj cai-lub kaum sab xis yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau zam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov xwm txheej hauv PCB thaiv, thiab yuav luag dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov qauv los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm cov xaim, yog li yuav cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cas txoj cai-kab cabling muaj rau ntawm cov teeb liab kis?Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, txoj cai-lub kaum sab xis routing yuav ua rau txoj kab dav ntawm cov kab sib kis tau hloov, ua rau impedance discontinuity.Qhov tseeb, tsis yog txoj cai Angle routing nkaus xwb, ton Angle, mob Angle routing yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv impedance.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm txoj cai-angle routing ntawm lub teeb liab feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv peb yam:

Ua ntej, lub ces kaum tuaj yeem sib npaug rau lub peev xwm thauj khoom ntawm cov kab sib kis, ua kom lub sijhawm nce;

Qhov thib ob, impedance discontinuity yuav ua rau lub teeb liab xav txog;

Thib peb, EMI tsim los ntawm lub kaum sab xis sab xis.

5. Lub kaum ntse ntse

(1) rau qhov siab ntau zaus tam sim no, thaum tig rov qab lub ces kaum, yuav hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke, yuav hluav taws xob puv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob muaj zog electromagnetic wave, thiab inductance ntawm no yuav kuj loj, qhov inductive yuav loj dua lub obtuse lub kaum sab xis los yog rounded kaum.

(2) Rau cov tsheb thauj mus los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob digital, lub kaum sab xis yog obtuse lossis sib npaug, thaj tsam ntawm cov xaim yog me me.Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kab sib nrug, tag nrho cov kab sib nrug yuav siv li 0.3 npaug tsawg dua qhov dav ntawm lub kaum sab xis.

6. Sib txawv routing

Cf.Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob thiab impedance sib txawv

Differential Signal yog siv ntau thiab ntau dua nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm high-speed circuits, vim hais tias cov teeb liab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv circuits ib txwm siv cov qauv sib txawv.Txhais: Hauv lus Askiv dawb, nws txhais tau hais tias tus neeg tsav tsheb xa ob qhov sib npaug, inverting signals, thiab lub receiver txiav txim siab seb lub xeev qhov kev xav yog "0" lossis "1" los ntawm kev sib piv qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qhov voltages.Cov khub nqa lub teeb liab sib txawv yog hu ua kev sib txawv.

Piv nrog rau qhov zoo tib yam ib leeg-kawg teeb liab routing, lub teeb liab sib txawv muaj qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws hauv peb yam hauv qab no:

a.Muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, vim tias qhov sib txuas ntawm ob lub xov hlau sib txawv yog qhov zoo heev, thaum muaj suab nrov cuam tshuam los ntawm sab nraud, nws yuav luag txuas rau ob kab tib lub sijhawm, thiab tus txais tsuas yog mob siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. ob lub teeb liab, yog li cov suab nrov nrov ntawm sab nraud tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho.

b.tuaj yeem tiv thaiv EMI zoo.Ib yam li ntawd, vim tias qhov polarity ntawm ob lub teeb liab yog qhov sib txawv, cov electromagnetic teb tawg los ntawm lawv tuaj yeem tso tseg ib leeg.Qhov sib txuas ze dua, lub zog hluav taws xob tsawg dua tso tawm rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.

c.Precise sij hawm positioning.Txij li thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov teeb liab sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm ob lub teeb liab, tsis zoo li cov teeb liab ib leeg-kawg uas tso siab rau qhov siab thiab qis qhov pib voltage, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab kub yog me me, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov yuam kev hauv lub sijhawm thiab ntau dua. haum rau circuits nrog tsawg amplitude signals.LVDS (tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob sib txawv signaling), uas yog nrov tam sim no, hais txog qhov me me amplitude differential signaling technology.

Rau PCB engineers, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov zoo ntawm cov kev sib txawv tuaj yeem siv tau rau hauv qhov tseeb routing.Tej zaum ntev npaum li qhov kev sib cuag nrog cov neeg Layout yuav nkag siab txog cov kev cai dav dav ntawm txoj kev sib txawv, uas yog, "sib npaug ntev, sib npaug nrug".

Qhov sib npaug ntev yog los xyuas kom meej tias ob lub teeb liab sib txawv tswj qhov sib txawv polarity txhua lub sijhawm thiab txo qhov sib xyaw ua ke.Equidistance feem ntau yog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov sib txawv impedance zoo ib yam thiab txo qhov kev xav."Zoo li ze li sai tau" yog qee zaum yuav tsum muaj rau kev sib txawv.

7. Kab kab

Serpentine kab yog ib hom Layout uas feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv layout.Nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kho qhov ncua sij hawm thiab ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub sijhawm tsim qauv.Thawj qhov uas cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum paub yog tias cov xov hlau zoo li nab tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov teeb liab zoo thiab hloov kev sib kis qeeb, thiab yuav tsum tau zam thaum xaim.Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev tsim qauv tiag tiag, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tuav lub sijhawm txaus ntawm cov teeb liab, lossis txo lub sijhawm offset ntawm tib pab pawg ntawm cov teeb liab, feem ntau yuav tsum txhob txwm tshaj tawm cua.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

Cov khub ntawm cov kab teeb liab sib txawv, feem ntau cov kab sib txuas, tsawg li tsawg tau los ntawm lub qhov, yuav tsum tau xuas nrig ntaus, yuav tsum yog ob kab ua ke, txhawm rau ua kom muaj qhov sib txuam impedance.
Ib pawg ntawm cov tsheb npav uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam yuav tsum tau taug kev ntawm ib sab kom deb li deb tau kom ua tiav qhov sib npaug.Lub qhov uas ua los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv ntsej yog nyob deb ntawm lub ncoo li sai tau.